Agree and Agree-to-Disagree lists

Here’s my first look at areas in which the two theories agree and agree to disagree. I’ve tried to reflect both sides as accurately as possible. If anyone has more or different ideas, I’m open to editing this.

Proposition
Mesoamerica
Moroni’s America
1. The most important aspect of the Book of Mormon is its message.
Agree
Agree
2. The Book of Mormon is an inspired translation of an actual ancient record of actual people who lived in the real world.
Agree
Agree
3. The ultimate objective of our research/writing is to motivate people to read the Book of Mormon.
Agree
Agree
4. Another objective of our research/writing is to help people better understand the context of the book by understanding its setting and culture.
Agree
Agree
5. The Church has no official position on where Book of Mormon events took place.
Agree
Agree
6. In Letter VII, Oliver Cowdery identified the valley west of the Hill Cumorah in New York as the location of the final battles of the Nephites and Jaredites.
Agree
Agree
7. Joseph Smith instructed his scribes to copy Oliver’s letters, including Letter VII, into his journal as part of his life story.
Agree
Agree
8. Joseph Smith gave permission to Benjamin Winchester to republish Oliver’s letters, including Letter VII, in the Gospel Reflector
Agree
Agree
9. Don Carlos republished Oliver’s letters, including Letter VII, in the Times and Seasons (T&S).
Agree
Agree
10. On Sept. 9, 1841, Dr. Bernhisel gave Wilford Woodruff a copy of the Stephens books to give to Joseph Smith
Agree
Agree
11. On Nov. 5, 1841, Wilford Woodruff wrote a letter to Dr. Bernhisel that is not extant.
Agree
Agree
12. A letter dated Nov. 16, 1841, was sent to Bernhisel on Joseph Smith’s behalf. No one knows who wrote the letter because the handwriting remains unidentified and no journals mention it.
Agree
Agree
13. A series of editorials were published in the T&S during 1842 that linked the Book of Mormon to archaeological findings in North and Central America. All were published either anonymously or over the signature of Ed. for Editor.
Agree
Agree
14. From February 15 through October 15, 1842, the boilerplate of the T&S said the paper was edited, printed, and published by Joseph Smith.
Agree
Agree
15. Joseph Smith originally obtained the plates from a stone box Moroni constructed of stone and cement in the Hill Cumorah in New York.
Agree
Agree
16. Brigham Young and others said Oliver told him that he (Oliver) and Joseph had visited a room in the Hill Cumorah in New York that contained piles of records and ancient Nephite artifacts.
Agree
Agree
17. Mormon said he buried the Nephite records in the Hill Cumorah (Morm. 6:6), the scene of the final battles of the Nephites.
Agree
Agree
18. D&C 128:20 reads, “And again, what do we hear? Glad tidings from Cumorah! Moroni, an angel from heaven, declaring the fulfilment of the prophets—the book to be revealed.”
Agree
Agree
19. The geography passages in the Book of Mormon are subject to a variety of interpretations.
Agree
Agree
20. To date, apart from Moroni’s stone box and the plates and other objects Joseph Smith possessed and showed to the Witnesses, no artifact or archaeological site that can be directly linked to the Book of Mormon has been found anywhere.
Agree
Agree
21. Cultural characteristics can be discerned from the text.
Agree
Agree
22. The New Jerusalem Ether wrote about is located in Jackson County, Missouri.
Agree
Agree
23. Mayan civilization collapsed around 800 A.D. and Mayans migrated to North America, where they lived for several hundred years before returning to Central America.
Agree
Agree
24. The Newark Ohio earthworks are the largest earthworks in the world and demonstrate knowledge of astronomy and geometry.
Agree
Agree
25. There were a million ancient mounds in North America before the Europeans arrived.
Agree
Agree
26. There are two million skeletons buried in mounds in Illinois alone.
Agree
Agree
27. Joseph Fielding Smith said the two-Cumorah theory was false and caused members to become confused and disturbed in their faith in the Book of Mormon.
Agree
Agree
28. The land of Zarahemla is north of the land of Nephi and lower in elevation than the land of Nephi.
Agree
Agree
And here’s where we agree to disagree
Topic
Mesoamerica
Moroni’s America
Location of the Hill Cumorah
The hill in New York had nothing to do with ancient Nephites or Jaredites. The real Hill Cumorah is in Mexico or Guatemala which contains Mormon’s repository of records.
The hill in New York is the actual Hill Cumorah/Ramah where both the Nephites and the Jaredites were destroyed.  It also contained Mormon’s repository of the Nephite records.
Two-Cumorah theory described
There are two Cumorahs. The one in New York where Joseph Smith found the plates was just the place where Moroni buried his record. Unknown early Mormons gave this hill the name Cumorah and Joseph Smith later adopted this tradition. The real Cumorah where Mormon deposited the Nephite records is the scene of the final battles and it is in Mesoamerica.
There is only one Cumorah and it is in New York.
Joseph Fielding Smith’s comments on the two-Cumorah theory
Joseph Fielding Smith’s criticisms of the two-Cumorah theory are invalid because 50 years ago, someone heard a BYU professor say Pres. Smith told him he could teach whatever he wanted about Cumorah.
Joseph Fielding Smith’s criticisms of the two-Cumorah theory are valid.
Oliver Cowdery’s Letter VII
Oliver Cowdery was speculating and was factually wrong about the New York location of the Hill Cumorah.
Oliver Cowdery stated a fact about the New York Cumorah based on his own experience in Mormon’s repository.
Anonymous T&S article, Sept/Oct 1842
The articles linking the Book of Mormon to Central America were written, or at least approved by, Joseph Smith
The articles linking the Book of Mormon to Central America were not written, approved of, or even seen by Joseph Smith prior to publication
T&S Editor
Joseph was a hands-on editor of the T&S
Joseph was a nominal editor only. The paper was actually edited by William Smith and/or W.W. Phelps.
Book of Mormon terminology
The text describes an hourglass shape.
The text does not describe an hourglass shape.
Setting
The description in the text best fits someplace in Central America, including Guatemala and Mexico.
The description in the text best fits North America, from Florida to New York and west to Missouri and Iowa.
Cultural elements in the text
The text describes an ancient Mesoamerican culture.
The text describes an ancient North American culture.
Joseph Smith’s knowledge
Joseph had no revelation or inspiration regarding Book of Mormon geography
Joseph Smith knew where the Book of Mormon events took place because Moroni had shown him.
“Plains of the Nephites” (Letter to Emma)
Joseph referred to a location not specifically mentioned in the text, and was speculating anyway.
Joseph recognized the plains referred to in the text of the Book of Mormon.
Zelph
Zelph was a warrior killed in Illinois who was known to Lehi’s descendants who migrated northward into the Hinterland.
Zelph was a warrior in the final battles of the Nephites, killed in Illinois between Zarahemla and Cumorah.
Location of Zarahemla
Zarahemla is located somewhere in Mexico or Guatemala; D&C 125:3 does not refer to the Nephite Zarahemla
Zarahemla is located across from Nauvoo as indicated by D&C 125:3 (near Montrose Iowa)
River Sidon
Because the land of Nephi is south of the land of Zarahemla and people travel down to the land of Zarahemla from Nephi, and because the river Sidon flows past the city of Zarahemla, the River Sidon flows north. Sidon is the Umacita or Grijalva river in Mesoamerica
Because the land of Nephi is south of the land of Zarahemla and people travel down to the land of Zarahemla from Nephi, the river between the two lands flows North. This is the Tennessee River. But the river Sidon flows south past the city of Zarahemla until it joins the Ohio River. Sidon is the upper Mississippi River.
Correspondences in Central America between BoM and ancient cultures
Many correspondences suggest the BoM took place in Central America, including Mayan banners, pyramids, stone temples, warfare, symbols of the tree of life, state-level society, etc.
These correspondences are typical of most cultures and, to the extent they are unique to BoM, they reflect culture brought to Central America from North America when the Mayans returned after 900 AD.
Jaredites
The Jaredites lived in Central America and were destroyed at the Hill Cumorah (Ramah) in Mexico
The Jaredites expanded throughout the western hemisphere, including Central and North America, and only those who lived in “this north country” were destroyed at Cumorah
Presence of ancient writing
The text requires the presence of ancient writing systems, which are found only in Mesoamerica
The text excludes the presence of ancient writing systems because Lamanites destroyed any records they could find, which is why Mormon had to hide the plates.
Western Hemisphere setting
Although Joseph merely speculated about BoM geography, he knew it took place somewhere in the Western Hemisphere
Joseph knew by revelation that the Book of Mormon took place in the Western Hemisphere
Wentworth letter “Lamanites are Indians in this country.”
This refers to all indigenous people in the Western Hemisphere.
This refers to the Native American Indians in Missouri, Iowa, Illinois, and the Great Lakes region.
1830-31 Mission to the Lamanites (D&C 28, 30 and 32)
Early Mormons believed the American Indians were Lamanites, but the term actually refers to all indigenous people in the Americas
Referred specifically to those tribes they visited (and other culturally connected tribes) in New York, Ohio and Missouri
Correspondences in North America between BoM and ancient cultures
These correspondences show a tribal level society, but BoM describes a state-level society
These correspondences show a primarily tribal level society but also a long-lost state-level society with monumental architecture, just as BoM describes
Modern prophets/apostles have identified Lamanites in Latin America
These statements corroborate the Mesoamerican setting.
These statements are not limited to Mesoamerica and reflect post-Book of Mormon migrations (Mayans moving north after 800 AD, then returning to Mesoamerica).
DNA evidence
All known DNA in Mesoamerican is Asian in origin, but DNA evidence is inconclusive; cannot prove or disprove the Book of Mormon.
Only northeastern (Great Lakes) Indian tribes have DNA other than Asian; dating of X2 haplotype (Middle-Eastern) remains an open issue.
Promised land
Promised land and covenant land includes entire Western hemisphere
Promised land and covenant land includes primarily the United States
Zion is all of North and South America
Statement means Lehi’s descendants filled the hemisphere, but BoM took place in a limited geography (Mesoamerica)
Statement originally meant Northern and Southern states, but Zion is anywhere the pure in heart live. Winchester’s wing concept of the continents of North and South America was adopted by Hyrum Smith and successors, then applied retroactively (Wilford Woodruff, Martha Corray)
Uto-Aztecan languages have Hebrew and Egyptian influence
These influences show Lehite influence on Indians in western U.S. and Mexico.
These influences show Lehite influence on Indians in western U.S. and Mexico, but not on Mayans; plus, Algonquin languages also have Hebrew and Egyptian influence.

Source: Book of Mormon Concensus

One thought on “Agree and Agree-to-Disagree lists

  1. Brilliant and well documented. All should read this and decide on the facts.

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